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Dual citizenship

Dual citizenship: Croatia with Australia or New Zealand

Yes. Croatia lets the descendants of its emigrants keep their other citizenship, and Australia and New Zealand both allow their citizens to hold another. Becoming Croatian through your ancestry does not cost you the passport you have.
Croatian and Australian passport covers side by side
Three countries

Where each country stands

Croatia

Allows it for emigrants and their descendants

Most foreigners who naturalise must first be released from their other citizenship (Article 8, point 2). Article 11 waives that condition for emigrants, their descendants and their spouses, so you keep the citizenship you have.

Australia

Allows it since 2002

Section 17 of the Australian Citizenship Act 1948 once took Australian citizenship away from adults who voluntarily acquired another. It was repealed by the Australian Citizenship Legislation Amendment Act 2002.

New Zealand

Allows dual and multiple citizenship

New Zealand’s official travel advice states plainly that New Zealand allows dual or multiple citizenship, while noting that some other countries do not.

Croatia’s position in more detail

The Croatian Citizenship Act sets out the usual conditions for naturalisation in Article 8: being an adult, release from any other citizenship, eight years of registered residence in Croatia, knowledge of the Croatian language and culture, and respect for Croatia’s legal order. Article 11 says that emigrants and their descendants may naturalise even if they do not meet points 2 to 4, and paragraph 2 extends that to their foreign spouses.

In other words, the condition that would force you to choose, release from your Australian or New Zealand citizenship, is exactly one of the conditions Article 11 removes. People who are Croatian by origin through a parent were never naturalised, so the question does not arise for them at all.

One rule is worth knowing. Under Article 2, a Croatian citizen who also holds another citizenship is regarded solely as a Croatian citizen by Croatian authorities. In Croatia, deal with officials as a Croatian.

Australia’s position in more detail

Before 2002, an Australian adult who deliberately took up another citizenship lost their Australian citizenship automatically under section 17 of the Australian Citizenship Act 1948. The Australian Citizenship Legislation Amendment Act 2002 repealed that section. Applying for Croatian citizenship today therefore leaves your Australian citizenship untouched.

New Zealand’s position in more detail

New Zealand allows its citizens to hold other citizenships, and SafeTravel, the government’s travel advice service, says so directly. Becoming Croatian does not change your status as a New Zealander.

Living with two citizenships

  • Consular help follows the passport you travel on. New Zealand’s travel advice is to contact the embassy of the country whose passport you used to enter, and it warns that in your other country of citizenship that government may treat you as its own citizen.
  • Check the obligations of each citizenship. SafeTravel advises dual citizens to understand what the other country expects of its citizens, such as compulsory military service, and to check access to healthcare.
  • Your children can be Croatian too. Children under 18 can become Croatian with you, and children born later can be registered by origin before they turn 21. How it works for children.
  • Two passports, two sets of renewals. You apply for your Croatian passport in person at a Croatian consulate, separately from your Australian or New Zealand one. Getting the Croatian passport.
Questions

Frequently asked questions

Does Croatia allow dual citizenship?

Yes. You keep your Australian or New Zealand citizenship when you become Croatian.

Dual citizenship explained

Will I lose my Australian citizenship?

No. Australians used to lose their citizenship automatically when they took another. That rule, section 17 of the Australian Citizenship Act 1948, was repealed in 2002.

Will I lose my New Zealand citizenship?

No. New Zealand allows dual or multiple citizenship.

How does Croatia treat me if I hold two citizenships?

Under Article 2 of the Citizenship Act, a Croatian citizen who also holds another citizenship is regarded solely as a Croatian citizen by Croatian authorities.

Article 2

Which embassy helps me when I travel?

Generally the embassy of the country whose passport you used to enter. New Zealand’s travel advice notes that when you visit your other country of citizenship, that government may treat you as its own citizen.

Sources

  1. Croatian Citizenship Act (Zakon o hrvatskom državljanstvu), consolidated text, Narodne novine, as reproduced on our law page. Checked 13 November 2026.
  2. Australian Citizenship Legislation Amendment Act 2002 (No. 5, 2002), Federal Register of Legislation, Australian Government. Checked 13 November 2026.
  3. Dual citizens and permanent residents, SafeTravel, New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Checked 13 November 2026.

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